Extraction and Characterization of Oil from Pistachio Nutshell
Extraction of Oil from Pistachio NutsHell
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v65i3.1511Keywords:
Soxhlet extraction, pistachio nutshell, oil, saponification value, iodine value, peroxide valueAbstract
Abstract. The soxhlet extractor was applied to extract the oil from a pistachio nutshell. The proposed technique was accurate and straightforward for extraction, and the percentage yield was quite acceptable. Solubility and density of the extracted oil were also determined. The acid and saponification value indicated the amount of free fatty acid available and can be used to prepare soap in the industry. The saponification value was found to be 270.4 to 274.5 mg KOH/g of the extracted oil. The other vital parameters like % ash content, % crude fibre, peroxide value, and iodine value were determined and indicated the oil stability for consumption and oxidation. Phenolic compounds and alcohol present in the oil are confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. All results were reproducible and easily adapted to extract oil from different waste materials as routine extraction and valuable technique.
Resumen. Se utilizó un extractor soxhlet para extraer el aceite de las cáscaras de pistacho. La técnica propuesta es precisa y sencilla para la extracción, y el porcentaje de rendimiento fue bastante bueno. También se determinaron la solubilidad y la densidad del aceite extraído. El valor de acidez y saponificación muestra la cantidad de ácidos grasos libres disponible y se puede utilizar para preparar jabón en la industria. Se determinó que el valor de saponificación fue de 270.4 a 274.5 mg de KOH g-1 del aceite extraído. También se determinaron los parámetros vitales como los porcentajes de contenido de cenizas, de fibra cruda, índice de peróxido e índice de yodo e indicaron la estabilidad del aceite para el consumo y su oxidación. Los compuestos fenólicos y el alcohol presentes en el aceite se confirmaron mediante espectroscopía infrarroja por transformada de Fourier. Todos los resultados fueron reproducibles y se adaptaron fácilmente para extraer aceite de diferentes materiales de desecho como extracción de rutina y es una técnica valiosa.
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