Optimum Temperature in the Electrostatic Desalting of Maya Crude Oil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v49i1.1315Keywords:
Maya crude oil, temperature, desalting, viscosity, density, conductivityAbstract
Abstract. The main variables that impact the crude oil desalting process were analyzed by developing mathematical models that represent the variation of Maya crude oil density, conductivity and viscosity as functions of temperature. An increase in process temperature has two opposite effects. First, a decrease in oil density and viscosity implies a significant increase in the settling rate of water droplets within the oil phase; which allow for a greater amount of oil to be processed. This increases the profit resulting from performing oil desalting. On the other hand, crude oil conductivity increases exponentially with temperature, which implies a higher rate of power consumption. A simulation model was developed to determine the optimum temperature at which a maximum economic benefit occurs. It was concluded that an optimum temperature occurs at 135oC.
Resumen. Se estudiaron las principales variables que impactan el
proceso de desalado de crudo mediante el desarrollo de correlaciones
matemáticas que representan la variación de densidad, conductividad y viscosidad del crudo Maya como funciones de la temperatura. La
discusión teórica mostró que un incremento en la temperatura de proceso da lugar a dos efectos contrarios. En primera instancia, una disminución en la densidad y viscosidad implica un aumento en la velocidad de sedimentación de las gotas de agua contenidas en la fase
orgánica. Lo anterior permite que mayor cantidad de crudo sea procesada en un mismo periodo. Por lo tanto, se incrementan los beneficios económicos derivados de realizar esta operación. Por otro lado, la conductividad del crudo aumenta de manera exponencial con la temperatura, lo cual implica mayor consumo de energía eléctrica. Se
desarrolló un modelo de simulación para determinar la temperatura
óptima, en la cual se obtiene el máximo beneficio. Se concluyó que la
temperatura óptima de desalado es 135ºC.
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